Three would-be suicide bombers face life in jail after a jury
convicted them on Thursday of plotting to carry out terror attacks in
the UK which would have been more deadly than the 7/7 bombings in 2005.
The men from
Birmingham
are the latest group of British-based extremists to be radicalised by
the preachings of the now-dead Anwar al-Awlaki, the one-time leader of
Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula.
His
extremist message continues to be spread from beyond the grave through
the English language terror manual he created, Inspire magazine, which
is still disseminated via internet forums despite robust attempts by the
security services in the UK and abroad to stop it. Videos of sermons by
Awlaki were still available late Thursday on YouTube.
The men's
plans to create their own 9/11 by making bombs from sports injury cold
pack treatments were thwarted by the biggest counter-terror operation
mounted in the UK for seven years, which at times involved more than 400
officers and agents.
Convicted on Thursday by a jury at Woolwich
crown court, London, of engaging in conduct in preparation of terrorist
attacks, the three were key figures in a terror cell in the Sparkhill
area of Birmingham. They aimed to detonate eight to 10 suicide bombs and
timed explosive devices that prosecutors said could have caused "death
and injury on a massive scale". Six other members of the cell had
earlier pleaded guilty.
The ringleaders, chemistry graduate Irfan
Naseer, 31, and Irfan Khalid, 27, both from Sparkhill had travelled to
Pakistan twice for training – on the second occasion spending two months
at an al-Qaida training facility in Miran Shah, in north Waziristan,
where they had to flee from American drone strikes. They recruited Ashik
Ali, 27, from Balsall Heath in Birmingham, on their return, and began
to draw others into the plot.
They duped members of the public
into donating thousands of pounds to fund their terror plot by posing as
collectors for the charity Muslim Aid in Sparkhill. Within two weeks
they raised £14,500, which they diverted to fund their activities.
Police
in the West Midlands defended the reach of the government's
multimillion pound anti-terror strategy, Prevent, at the conclusion of
the trial. Despite millions of pounds being spent in the Sparkhill area
relatives and friends of some of those involved who became suspicious
chose to take action themselves rather than pass information to the
police.
Mr Justice Henriques told the guilty men it was clear they
were planning to carry out a spectacular bombing campaign and that they
would all face life in prison when they are sentenced in April or May.
Speaking to Naseer, the judge said he had been convicted on
"overwhelming evidence" and that he would face "a very long minimum
term".
He said: "You are a highly skilled bomb maker and
explosives expert. Your mindset was similarly manifest. You were seeking
to recruit a team of somewhere between six and eight suicide bombers to
carry out a spectacular bombing campaign, one which would create an
anniversary along the lines of 7/7 or 9/11."
Khalid he said was was "very much his (Naseer's) confidant and his right-hand man."
Of Ali, the judge said he "intelligent, devious and highly manipulative."
Marcus
Beale, assistant commissioner of West Midlands police, who worked with
the security services to intercept the plot, said: "This group was
critical of the 7 July bombers because they didn't kill enough people.
If they delivered on the plans that they had they would have committed
mass murder on a horrendous scale."
However, there was evidence
that the men were struggling to get the ingredients for their plot and
no targets were identified by the police or security services. When
arrested they were found in possession of just one sports cold pack kit
which did not contain the key ingredient for the bombs, ammonium
nitrate, because the substance is no longer used in the products.
Beale
defended the role of Prevent. Relatives and friends were aware that
four followers of Naseer, Khalid and Ali had travelled to train in
Pakistan in 2011, but instead of contacting the police they successfully
used their own contacts in the country to get the men to return home.
Beale
said: "It would be fantastic if more information would come from the
community. But if my child was going off the rails I would definitely be
wanting to help them myself first rather than go the police and any
parent would want to do the same so I would not want to be critical."
Naseer
and Khalid built their plot on their return from the training camp in
Miran Shah, in the summer of 2011. They shared their knowledge of bomb
making with Ali, who rented a council flat which became a makeshift bomb
factory and the hub of the plot. Experts told the court they could have
created a viable device.
But unknown to the men they were being
watched by the police and security services who had placed bugs in two
cars and the bomb factory which picked up the plot being described as
another 9/11.
At one point the three men were heard driving in a
car mimicking Formula One commentator Murray Walker, and joking: "It's
the four suicide bombers driving around ready to take on England."
Khalid
also said of the plot: "This is going to kick them all, the [infidels]
that go to the pub and that; they have hit us in our own country, my God
they hit us."
Naseer was found guilty of five counts of engaging
in conduct in preparation of terrorist attacks, Khalid of four and Ali
of three counts – all between Christmas Day 2010 and 19 September 2011.
They
are the latest group of British-based extremists to take their
inspiration from American-born Awlaki, the Yemen-based cleric who was a
leader of AQAP until he was killed by a US drone in September 2011.
Other
extremists who have used his sermons and Inspire magazine to
self-radicalise include Roshonara Choudhry, who attacked the MP Stephen
Timms, and four terrorists from Birmingham who were convicted in 2012 of
plotting to blow up the London Stock Exchange. A search of Ali's house
after his arrest uncovered a vast library of lectures by Awlaki.
One
of the plans discussed by the three – of attaching blades to the wheels
of cars in order to mow down pedestrians – came directly from Inspire,
the second edition of which describes how to create "the ultimate mowing
machine".
Sue Hemming, head of special
crime
and counter-terrorism in the CPS, said: "A considerable number of
investigations have uncovered connection to and support for the
teachings of … Awlaki...his pernicious and hateful views unfortunately
live on in his recorded speeches and Inspire magazine."
Keith Vaz
MP, chair of the home affairs committee, criticised YouTube over Awlaki
material being on the site. "Youtube should not be hosting this
material. Material which incites violent radicalism should not be on
Youtube. They should be much more proactive in taking it down without
waiting for complaints."
Azad Ali, chair of the Muslim Safety
Forum which has worked with the police to combat Jihadi violence, said
that if Awlaki material was found in a book shop a proseuction wouldme
made, saying: "Youtube is hosting the same material and there seems to
be no action taken against it at all..
YouTube said: "YouTube has
Community Guidelines that prohibit dangerous or illegal activities such
as bomb-making, hate speech, and incitement to commit violent acts, and
we take violations of these guidelines seriously. Our review teams
respond to flagged videos around the clock, routinely removing material
under those policies. Our flagging tools include a flag labeled
"promotes terrorism" to make it easier for our users to identify content
that incites violence."